• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In this process carbonaceous materials in a wide range of particles size are heat treated in a substantially vertical gravity retort through which heated gasses flow upwardly. The particles are graded by size and fed into the retort with the largest particles being inserted into an upper portion of the retort, and in preferred embodiments, with progressively smaller particles being inserted into progressively lower portions of the retort so that the residence time of each of the particles in the retort is substantially directly proportional to the size and mass of the particles. This process allows high throughput of the material while reducing the amount of entrained small particles which flow up with the heated gas, thus reducing pressure drop in the retort system.
    公开号:SU1291026A3
    申请号:SU823498946
    申请日:1982-10-12
    公开日:1987-02-15
    发明作者:С.Меррилл Лаваун (Младший)
    申请人:Маратен Ойл Компани (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    The invention relates to processes for the heat treatment of carbon-containing particles of various sizes in a retort with gravity feed.
    The aim of the invention is to reduce the cost of hardware design.
    The drawing shows a retort for carrying out the proposed method, a longitudinal section.
    Three gravity funnels for particles 2, 3, and 4 are connected to the retort 1 with a gravitational feed.
    Each of the funnels 2, 3 and 4 is connected to the retort 1 by means of pipelines 5, 6 and 7 and the associated flow regulating valves 8, 9 and 10, respectively. At the bottom of the retort 1, a pipeline 11 for introducing a hot gas, regulated by a valve 12, injects hot gas into the retort 1. A pipeline 13, regulated by a valve 14, is placed in the lower part of the retort 1 to remove heat-treated solid material from the lower part of the retort 1. In the upper part of the retort, a pipeline 15 is placed to remove gas through the control valve 16.
    When processing carbonaceous material, for example, hot slate, is divided into two fractions or more (in this case into three groups) by particle size. The largest particles in the form of a solid mass are fed to the uppermost funnel 2, the particles of the smallest size as a solid mass are fed to the lowermost funnel 4, particles having an intermediate size compared to the particles fed to the funnel 2, and particles fed to funnel 4, -.v to intermediate funnel 3. Hot gas, in this case non-oxidizing, heated to a temperature of, for example, about 649 ° C, is introduced into the lower part of retort 1 through conduit 11 to inject hot gas from flow rate adjustable by valve 12.
    . 20
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    in the retort, they immediately contact with upward flowing hot gases and are heated by heat exchange with these hot gases. Thus, the largest particles remain inside the system and are trapped from the time they leave pipeline 5, into the retort until they are removed from the bottom of the retort 1. Similarly, particles with an intermediate size are introduced into the retort from funnel 3 through conduit 6 and valve 9, and particles with the smallest size from funnel 4 through conduit 7 and valve 10. In each of these cases, the particles remain inside the retort and heat up from time to time. insertion into retort 1 before they are removed from the bottom of the retort. All particles, from whatever funnel they come from, flow under the action of gravity directly and non-turbulently through the retort 1.
    Organic matter is evaporated from each particle as it is heated. These vapors are removed from the top of the retort 1 together with the heated gases through conduit 15 and valve 16. The heated particles free of carbon material reach the bottom of the retort 1. The solids are then sent to the solids discharge pipe 13 through the valve 14 and removed from the retort 1 for further use. I
    Thus, when implementing the proposed method, the largest particles that are introduced into the retort at the highest level remain inside the retort for the longest period of time and are subjected to the most prolonged heating. Similarly, particles with an intermediate size remain inside the retort for a shorter time and are heated for a shorter period of time than the largest particles, and the smallest parts. After the movement has started, the non-turbulent 50 DOES stay inside the retort for
    the shortest period of time and are heated for the shortest period of time. As a result of the additional introduction of 55 particles of the largest size into the upper part of the retort, large particles descending act as a coating to the filter for smaller particles, which, from the time of the end stream of hot gas through pipe 11 and bring the retort 1 to the desired temperature for oil treatment shale valves 8, 9 and 10 are opened simultaneously to introduce solid carbon-containing material in the form of particles into retort 1. As the largest particles fed through pipeline 5
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    in the retort, they immediately contact with upward flowing hot gases and are heated by heat exchange with these hot gases. Thus, the largest particles remain inside the system and are trapped from the time they leave pipeline 5, into the retort until they are removed from the bottom of the retort 1. Similarly, particles with an intermediate size are introduced into the retort from funnel 3 through conduit 6 and valve 9, and particles with the smallest size from funnel 4 through conduit 7 and valve 10. In each of these cases, the particles remain inside the retort and heat up from time to time. insertion into retort 1 before they are removed from the bottom of the retort. All particles, from whatever funnel they come from, flow under the action of gravity directly and non-turbulently through the retort 1.
    Organic matter is evaporated from each particle as it is heated. These vapors are removed from the top of the retort 1 together with the heated gases through conduit 15 and valve 16. The heated particles free of carbon material reach the bottom of the retort 1. The solids are then sent to the solids discharge pipe 13 through the valve 14 and removed from the retort 1 for further use. I
    Thus, when implementing the proposed method, the largest particles that are introduced into the retort at the highest level remain inside the retort for the longest period of time and are subjected to the most prolonged heating. Similarly, the intermediate size particles remain inside the retort for a shorter time and are heated for a shorter period of time than when the intermediate and smallest particles are activated by descending the largest particles, they all move to the lower part of the retort with the same speed. The particles do not have a free fall, but descend at a controlled rate, which is primarily controlled by the rate of retraction through line 13. Therefore, the residence time of each particle inside the retort is a function of its insertion point into the retort. . Large particles, descending from above all other particles, tend to provide and maintain a constant coating over the upward flow of smaller and thinner particles and hot gases, which in turn helps keep smaller particles from moving upward in the retort and thus at once maintain a more uniform pressure inside the retort.
    PRI me R 1. 980 kg / h of particles 2j5 cm in size are fed to a retort with gravity flow from the upper funnel 2 or 3, and 485 kg / h of particles of 0.3 cm in size are fed to the same retort below the level of entry of large particles from the funnel 4. Inside this system, 1355 kg / hM of hot gas is supplied to the distillation zone at 649 ° C from line 11, gases leave the retort at 149 ° C from line 15. Under such conditions, a bed height of about 91.4 cm for heating 2.5 cm particles in the upper zone to 427 ° C. Consequently, 91.4 cm or more below the insertion point of 2.4 cm particles at 485 kg / H M 0.3 cm particles are introduced into the retort. Despite the fact that smaller particles can be cold when inserted, the additional height The layer needed to heat all these particles to 482 ° C or higher is controlled by the rate of heating of a larger mass of larger particles, with an additional layer height of only about 15.2 cm. In addition, smaller particles are heated to a somewhat hotter state. than big particles. The pressure drop inside the retort is about 1/3 of the drop for a mixture of 2.5 and 0.3 cm particles, injected and moving together along the same length of the heating zone.
    EXAMPLE 2. 732 kg / h of particles 6.4 - 3.8 cm in size are fed to the retort 1 by gravity from the funnel 2 through pipeline 5, at the same time 91.4 cm below the lower entry point of the pipeline 5,632 kg / hm of particles of 3.8 - 1.3 cm in size are fed to the retort 1 from the funnel 3 via pipeline 6. Then, 137 cm below the point of introduction of the pipeline, 5,485 kg / h of particles 1.3 - 0 in size , 3 cm is fed into the retort from the funnel 4 through the pipe 7. With such a system, 1915 kg / h of steam at 649 ° C is fed into the retort 213 cm below the entry point of the pipeline 5.
    The particles are heated and leave the heating zone in the retort at 482 ° C. The total pressure drop is also 1/3 of the pressure that would be in this retort with all the particles being fed as a mixture from above.
    The proposed system is quite flexible, subject to modification and can be used under a wide range of conditions.
    It is established that the size of the largest heated particles, the length of the heating zone and the temperature of the heating gas are interconnected. For example, for heated steam having a temperature of about 649 ° C, the largest particles up to 15.2 cm in size require a heating zone of the retort about 640 cm, the largest particles (7.6-10.2 cm) - about 427 cm, particles of 3.8 - 6.4 cm about 213 cm, and the largest particles 2.5 cm in size - about 91.4 cm, etc. The ratio between the particle size and the length of the heating zone changes directly with changes in temperature.
    The weight of the smallest particles should not exceed 40% of the total weight of the particles being treated; The largest particles treated in accordance with the inventive method may comprise 1-99% by weight of the particles to be treated. The amount and size of particles with an intermediate size can vary considerably within these limits, for example, from 19 to 94% by weight. Any heating temperature that will bring the treated particles to the required level or other reaction temperature can be used in the practical implementation of the proposed method. The mass flow rate and the temperature of the heating gas can be selected according to the well-known principles of heat transfer. The gas chosen for heating the particles can also be widely modified to treat carbon-containing particles, non-oxidizing gases being commonly used.
    The feeding of successively decreasing particles to lower levels according to the proposed method allows the processing of smaller particles than can usually be processed in a mixture of particles with different sizes. Larger particles, introduced at a higher level, serve as a filter for the gas that carries away the fine particles, as a result of which the pressure drop inside the retort is significantly reduced, which allows the use of smaller (cheaper) compressors.
    Other carbon-containing materials, such as coal, lignite, peat, tar sand, coke, petroleum coke, cellulose materials, etc., can be treated in the same way as described. This system can also be used to carbonize carbonaceous materials containing solid particles by selecting the appropriate





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    12910266
    lagged way can be applied
    in the case of other processes involving the use of a gravity retort, with a similar improvement in the direction of decreasing the pressure drop.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    Invention Formula
    The method of continuous distillation in a retort of carbon-containing substances in the form of particles of various sizes, including the continuous supply of particles under the action of gravity to a vertical retort with gas heating,
    the direction of the particles down through the retort under the action of gravity and the continuous supply of hot gas countercurrently up in the retort at a rate that prevents fluidization,
    characterized in that, in order to reduce the cost of instrumentation, the precursor particles are divided into two or more parts in accordance with the dimensions: part, consisting) of particles of the largest size, are fed into the upper part of the retort, and each part consisting of successively decreasing particles served in successively below
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     VNIISH State Committee of the USSR
    for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5
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    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
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    US4210491A|1980-07-01|Method and apparatus for retorting a substance containing organic matter
    US3736233A|1973-05-29|Process of pyrolyzing and desulfurizing sulfur bearing agglomerative bituminous coal
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    US2614069A|1952-10-14|Carbonizing subdivided solids
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AU8854182A|1983-07-07|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE1067785B|1957-12-09|1959-10-29|Otto & Co Gmbh Dr C|Device for treating granular material containing combustible substances with flushing gas|
    US3499834A|1967-02-16|1970-03-10|Phillips Petroleum Co|Retorting of hydrocarbonaceous solids|
    SE409000B|1976-02-26|1979-07-23|Lindstroem O|KIT AND DEVICE FOR TREATING A GAS FLOW IN A CONTACT DEVICE|US4514168A|1983-08-15|1985-04-30|Exxon Research And Engineering Co.|Process for heating solids in a transfer line|
    US4601812A|1985-01-07|1986-07-22|Conoco Inc.|Oil shale retorting process|
    US5279712A|1991-04-05|1994-01-18|Pasco Nominees Pty Limited|Process and apparatus for the pyrolysis of carbonaceous material|
    DE102004016993B4|2004-04-02|2014-11-06|Kbi International Ltd.|Thermal waste treatment reactor with a feed channel and thermal waste treatment process|
    GB2422332B|2005-01-19|2008-08-27|Bioflame Ltd|Fuel processor|
    US7862706B2|2007-02-09|2011-01-04|Red Leaf Resources, Inc.|Methods of recovering hydrocarbons from water-containing hydrocarbonaceous material using a constructed infrastructure and associated systems|
    RU2450042C2|2007-02-09|2012-05-10|Ред Лиф Рисорсис, Инк.|Methods of producing hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-containing material using built infrastructure and related systems|
    JO2601B1|2007-02-09|2011-11-01|ريد لييف ريسورسيز ، انك.|Methods Of Recovering Hydrocarbons From Hydrocarbonaceous Material Using A Constructed Infrastructure And Associated Systems|
    US8003844B2|2008-02-08|2011-08-23|Red Leaf Resources, Inc.|Methods of transporting heavy hydrocarbons|
    KR101385101B1|2008-06-27|2014-04-15|동부대우전자 주식회사|Valve control method of gas type dryer|
    US8323481B2|2009-02-12|2012-12-04|Red Leaf Resources, Inc.|Carbon management and sequestration from encapsulated control infrastructures|
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    US8365478B2|2009-02-12|2013-02-05|Red Leaf Resources, Inc.|Intermediate vapor collection within encapsulated control infrastructures|
    EA201171021A1|2009-02-12|2012-03-30|Ред Лиф Рисорсиз, Инк.|PAROSBINE AND BARRIER SYSTEMS FOR SEALED CONTROLLED INFRASTRUCTURES|
    US8490703B2|2009-02-12|2013-07-23|Red Leaf Resources, Inc|Corrugated heating conduit and method of using in thermal expansion and subsidence mitigation|
    EP2396503A2|2009-02-12|2011-12-21|Red Leaf Resources, Inc.|Articulated conduit linkage system|
    US8366917B2|2009-02-12|2013-02-05|Red Leaf Resources, Inc|Methods of recovering minerals from hydrocarbonaceous material using a constructed infrastructure and associated systems|
    CA2752161A1|2009-02-12|2010-08-19|Red Leaf Resources, Inc.|Convective heat systems for recovery of hydrocarbons from encapsulated permeability control infrastructures|
    AP3601A|2009-12-03|2016-02-24|Red Leaf Resources Inc|Methods and systems for removing fines from hydrocarbon-containing fluids|
    US8961652B2|2009-12-16|2015-02-24|Red Leaf Resources, Inc.|Method for the removal and condensation of vapors|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US06/335,906|US4424021A|1981-12-30|1981-12-30|Method for retorting carbonaceous particles|
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